Características del electrocardiograma y la angiografía en el síndrome coronario agudo sin desplazamiento del s-t
Palabras clave:
coronariopatía, angiografía, electrocardiografíaResumen
Se realizó un estudio longitudinal, prospectivo, descriptivo, con 50 pacientes ingresados en la unidad de emergencias médicas del hospital general “Leopoldito Martínez”, de San José de las Lajas, con el diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo sin elevación del segmento S-T en el electrocardiograma (SCA sin S-T), que incluye a los pacientes con angina inestable (AI) e infarto agudo del miocardio sin onda (IMANQ), en el período comprendido desde el 1ro de enero de 2005, hasta el 31 de marzo de 2006. Todos los pacientes fueron estudiados según las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, factores de riesgo, manifestaciones electrocardiográficas y localización angiográfica de las lesiones de las arterias coronarias. Los resultados mostraron una mayor prevalencia del sexo masculino y mayor de 60 años entre los pacientes con SCA sin S-T. Los factores de riesgo más frecuentes para la enfermedad de arterias coronarias fueron el hábito de fumar, la hipertensión arterial y la cardiopatía isquémica previa, todos de mayor incidencia también en el sexo masculino. Más de dos tercios de los pacientes tuvieron manifestaciones electrocardiográficas, siendo el infradesnivel del S-T y la onda t invertida las mas frecuentes, estas predominaron en el sexo masculino. El 90% de los pacientes tuvieron lesiones angiográficas coronarias, siendo la enfermedad de dos vasos la mas frecuente, seguida por la enfermedad de un solo vaso coronario.
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