Risk factors associated to dentin hyperesthesia

Abstract

Introduction: Identification of risk factors for dentin hyperesthesia is essential to develop intervention strategies to decrease its incidence. 

Objective: To identify risk factors associated to dentin hyperesthesia.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in patients between 20 and 50 years old, in the dental clinic from Nueva Paz, during 2020. The universe was 347 and a systematic non-probabilistic sample of 92 patients was selected. The variables: age, sex, intensity of pain, triggering stimulus to pain, group of affected teeth, affected surface and risk factors were studied. Statistical techniques of absolute frequency, percentage and central and dispersion measures were used.

Results: The male sex prevailed with a 61.96 %, the medium age was 35.68 years old. Moderate pain prevailed in a 47.83 %, as triggering stimulus to pain, the touch-pressure and the thermic stimulus, in the 88.04 % and 79.35 %. The most affected group, the pre-molars with 34.78 % and the surface, the vestibular one in a 71.74 %. The risk factors which prevailed were:  gingival recession and bruxism, 63.04 % and 56.52 % in each case. 

Conclusions: Dentin hyperesthesia is more frequent in men from 30 to 39 years old. Moderate pain prevails, as triggering stimulus, the touch/pressure, and the thermic stimulus. The most affected dental group was the premolars and as surface, the vestibular one. The identified risk factors were the gingival recession, bruxism, wrong teeth brushing, ingestion of acid foods, presence of abnormal frenum of the tongue and dental malposition.