Characterization of cesarean postpartum women with surgical complications

Abstract

Introduction:

Caesarean section is a known risk factor for maternal morbidity, taking into account the aggression to the maternal organism, due to external causes.

Objective:

To characterize cesarean puerperal women, who during the intraoperative period or in the puerperium require some emergency surgical procedure.

Methods:

An observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out at the ¨Aleida Fernández Chardiet¨ and ¨Piti Fajardo¨ hospitals, Mayabeque province, from January 2012 to December 2016. The sample consisted of 29 postpartum women. The variables used were: age, causes of cesarean section, causes of fetal distress in cesarean section and dystocia. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, the data were presented in tables and graphs.

Results:

There was a predominance of cesarean postpartum women with surgical complications at ages 15-20 years for 31 %. Caesarean section due to fetal distress predominated in 69%. The maternal causes of fetal suffering in cesarean section prevailed, due to a decrease in the fetus-maternal exchange, in which preeclampsia and the state of excessive anxiety stand out, with 34.5 %. The causes of dystocia with the highest incidence were prolonged or stopped labor and cephalopelvic disproportion in 10.3 %. Complications predominated in the immediate postpartum period, in
55.2 %.

Conclusions:

Adolescent pregnant women with a history of preeclampsia, excessive anxiety or fear, a previous cesarean section, prolonged or delayed labor, or cephalopelvic disproportion require differentiated follow-up due to the possibility of complications during the cesarean section or in the immediate postpartum period.